Frontend & browser·Modules, bundling and the build
you loaded a script that defines the missing method on the global object so the rest of the code can call it.
Polyfill
Code that implements a missing platform API by installing it where the real one would be. It makes the feature available everywhere at the cost of shipping the implementation to browsers that already have it, unless it is loaded conditionally. Because it mutates globals, two polyfills for the same API can conflict, and a partial implementation can be worse than none by passing a feature detection it should fail.