Data engineering·Modelling for analysis
you write one row per account per day whether anything happened or not, so 'what was the balance on the fourteenth' is a lookup rather than a replay.
Periodic snapshot
Also calleddaily snapshot, snapshot fact table
A fact table recording the state of things at regular intervals, regardless of activity. It exists because some questions are about levels rather than events, and reconstructing a balance by summing every transaction since the beginning of time is both slow and fragile. The cost is that the table's size is driven by the number of entities times the number of days, not by how much actually happened.